Photo of Ethan G. Ostroff

Ethan G. Ostroff

Subscribe to Ethan G. Ostroff's Posts

Ethan’s practice focuses on financial services litigation and compliance counseling, as well as digital assets and blockchain technology. With a long track record of successful litigation results across the U.S., both bank and non-bank clients rely on him for comprehensive advice throughout their business cycle.

Follow:Read more about Ethan G. OstroffEthan G.'s Linkedin Profile

On May 12, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) issued a significant interpretive letter confirming that Fidelity Digital Assets, National Association (the recently converted national trust bank formerly known as Fidelity Digital Assets Service, LLC) is not required to hold state money transmitter licenses to conduct its federally authorized activities. The OCC concluded that the National Bank Act preempts any state money transmitter licensing requirement as applied to a national bank.

On May 29, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC or Commission) took a set of actions that together open a path for digital asset perpetual contracts to trade on registered U.S. platforms by classifying them as futures, rather than swaps, for the first time. The Commission approved the first such product, issued a policy statement on how it will review future perpetual contracts, and its staff issued separate guidance addressing foreign-listed perpetuals and customer margin and 24/7 trading. Perpetual contracts, often called perpetual futures, are futures-style instruments without a fixed expiration date, and they have until now traded almost entirely on offshore crypto trading platforms.

On May 22, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) Board of Directors approved a notice of proposed rulemaking to extend Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) and sanctions compliance standards to the permitted payment stablecoin issuers (PPSIs) it supervises under the Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins Act (the GENIUS Act).  These GENIUS Act BSA and sanctions compliance rules for PPSIs were recently proposed by the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) and Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC), as we discussed in a prior advisory.

On April 7, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) Board approved its second notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) implementing the Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins Act (GENIUS Act). This second set of FDIC proposed regulations would establish prudential standards for FDIC-supervised permitted payment stablecoin issuers (PPSIs) and FDIC-supervised stablecoin custodians, and it would update the capital and deposit insurance frameworks for the bank parents of those issuers and for stablecoin reserves and tokenized deposits.

On Thursday, May 14, at 10:30 a.m., the Senate Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Committee will meet in executive session to mark up H.R. 3633, the Digital Asset Market Clarity Act of 2025 (the CLARITY Act). The session is a key procedural step for this comprehensive digital asset market structure legislation that, if enacted, would create a new federal framework for how crypto markets are regulated, supervised, and policed for fraud, illicit finance, and other purposes.

On May 6, the American Bankers Association (ABA), joined by nearly every state bankers association, sent the U.S. Department of the Treasury (Treasury), a follow‑on request for more time to comment on Treasury’s GENIUS Act “broad‑based principles” proposed rule for determining whether a state stablecoin regime is “substantially similar” to the federal framework (RIN 1505‑AC90).

On April 10, the Treasury Department’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) and Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) jointly issued a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) setting out their view of how sanctions, anti-money laundering and countering the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) compliance requirements should apply to permitted payment stablecoin issuers (PPSIs) under the Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins (GENIUS) Act. The agencies also issued an accompanying fact sheet.

On February 25, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) released a 376‑page notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) to implement the Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins (GENIUS) Act for entities under its jurisdiction. The proposed rule would create a comprehensive framework for “payment stablecoin” issuers supervised by the OCC, foreign payment stablecoin issuers accessing the U.S. market, and certain custody activities by OCC‑regulated banks. The NPRM was published in the Federal Register on March 2, with the 60-day comment period ending on May 1, 2026. The NPRM also poses more than 200 specific questions for public comment on definitions, activities, reserves, liquidity, and other key design choices.

On April 21, four major banking trade associations — the American Bankers Association, Bank Policy Institute, Consumer Bankers Association, and Independent Community Bankers Association (collectively, the associations) — sent a joint letter to the U.S. Department of the Treasury (Treasury), the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN), and the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) requesting an additional 60 days to comment on three key proposed rules implementing the GENIUS Act after the Office of Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) issues a final rule implementing the GENIUS Act for entities subject to the OCC’s jurisdiction. These rulemakings address, respectively, how to determine whether state stablecoin regimes are “substantially similar” to the federal framework (discussed here), prudential standards for FDIC‑supervised permitted payment stablecoin issuers and insured depository institutions, and Anti-Money Laundering (AML)/Countering the Financing of Terrorism (CFT) and sanctions compliance program requirements for stablecoin issuers.